तधंगु रिफ्ट स्वनिग: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Eukesh (खँल्हाबल्हा | योगदान) No edit summary |
Eukesh (खँल्हाबल्हा | योगदान) No edit summary |
||
Line १:
[[Image:Greatrift.jpg|thumb|250px|Northern section of the Great Rift Valley. The [[Sinai Peninsula]] is in center and the [[Dead Sea]] and [[Jordan River]] valley above]]
'''तधंगु रिफ्ट स्वनिग''' छगु तधंगु भौगोलिक बनावट खः। थुकिगु हाक करिब ६००० कि मि दु। थ्व दक्षिण पश्चिम एसियायागु उत्तरी [[सीरिया]] निसें पूर्वी अफ्रिकायागु मध्य मोजाम्बिक तक्क थ्यं। थ्व स्वनिगयागु ब्या ३० निसें १०० किमि तक्क दु व थुकिगु जा छुं सछि निसें द्वलंद्व मिटर तक्क दु। थुकिगु नां अनवेषक [[जोह्न वाल्टर ग्रेगोरी]]नं तयादिगु खः।
==भूगोल==
थुकिगु दक्ले उत्तरयागु भाग [[लेबानन]]यागु [[बेक्का स्वनिग]]लं वै। थ्व भागं [[लेबानन गुं]] व [[एन्टि-लेबानन गुं]]यात बाई। दक्षिणे थुकियात [[हुला स्वनिग]] धाइ व थिकिलिं [[ज्ञालिली]] गुं व [[गोलान हाइट]]यात बाई। अझ दक्षिणे, थ्व स्वनिगले [[जोर्डन खुसि]] ला वै। जोप्र्डन खुसि [[हुला पुखु]] जुया [[इजरायल]]यागु [[ज्ञालिली सागर]] जुसें दक्षिणे [[जोर्डन स्वनिग]] जुया इजरायल-जोर्डन सिमानायागु [[मृत सागर]]य् थ्यनि। मृत सागरं दक्षिणे, रिफ्टय् वादी अरबा व [[अकबायागु खाडी]] व लिपा [[ह्यांगु सागर]] ला वै।
[[Image:Aerial jordan.jpg|thumb|left|जोर्डन रिफ्ट स्वनिग सर्गतं]]
ह्यांगु सागरयागु दक्षिणी भाग marks a fork in the rift। इथियोपिया व एरितृयायागु [[अफार त्रिभूज]] वा दानाकिल डिप्रेसन ट्रिपल जंक्सनयागु थाय् जुइफु। [[एडेनयागु खाडी]] रिफ्टयागु पूर्वी निरन्तरता खः - रिफ्ट दे स्वया न्ह्य अरबी प्रायद्विप अफ्रिकायागु न्येकु नाप स्वानाच्वंगु जुल व थ्व थासं [[मध्य महासागरीय रिज]]यागु रुपे [[हिन्द महासागर]]य् निरन्तरता बी। दक्षिणपश्चिम दिशाय् थ्व तधंगु रिफ्ट स्वनिगयागु रुपे निरन्तर जुइ व एथियोपियाली हाइल्यान्डयात निगु भागय् बाई।
पूर्वी अफ्रिकाय् थ्व स्वनिग निगु भागय् बाई, '''पूर्वी रिफ्ट''' व '''पश्चिमी रिफ्ट'''।
The Western Rift, also called the Albertine Rift, is edged by some of the highest mountains in Africa, including the [[Virunga Mountains]], [[Mitumba Mountains]], and [[Ruwenzori Range]]. It contains the [[Rift Valley lakes]], which include some of the deepest [[lake]]s in the world (up to 1,470 meters deep at [[Lake Tanganyika]]). [[Lake Victoria]], the second largest area freshwater lake in the world, is considered part of the Rift Valley system although it actually lies between the two branches. All of the [[Great Lakes (Africa)|African Great Lakes]] were formed as the result of the rift, and most lie within its rift valley.
In [[Kenya]] the valley is deepest to the north of [[Nairobi]]. As the lakes in the Eastern Rift have no outlet to the sea, these lakes tend to be shallow and have a high [[mineral]] content as the evaporation of water leaves the salts behind. For example, [[Lake Magadi]] has high concentrations of soda ([[sodium carbonate]]) and [[Lake Elmenteita]], [[Lake Baringo]], [[Lake Bogoria]], and [[Lake Nakuru]] are all strongly alkaline, while [[Lake Naivasha]] needs to be supplied by freshwater springs to support its biological variety.
[[Image:EAfrica.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Map of East Africa showing some of the historically active volcanoes (red triangles) and the [[Afar Triangle]] (shaded, center) — a [[triple junction]] where three plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian Plate, and the two parts of the African Plate (the Nubian and the Somalian) splitting along the East African Rift Zone (USGS).]]
[[Image:Africa6 006.jpg|right|300px|thumb|right|The Rift Valley near Eldoret, Kenya]]
==Geothermal activity==
The formation of the Rift Valley continues, probably driven by [[mantle plume]]s and ultimately a result of the [[African superswell]]. The associated geothermal activity and spreading at the rift has caused the [[lithosphere]] to thin from a typical 100 km thickness for continents to a mere 20 km. Though it is common for one arm of a triple junction to fail, if spreading continues the lithosphere may rupture several million years hence, splitting eastern Africa off to form a new landmass. In short, this will lead to the formation of a new [[mid-ocean ridge]].
The volcanic activity at this site and unusual concentration of [[hotspot (geology)|hotspot]]s has produced the volcanic mountains [[Mount Kilimanjaro]], [[Mount Kenya]], [[Mount Karisimbi]], [[Mount Nyiragongo]], [[Mount Meru, Tanzania|Mount Meru]] and [[Mount Elgon]] as well as the [[Crater Highlands]] in [[Tanzania]]. The [[Ol Doinyo Lengai]] [[volcano]] remains active, and is currently the only [[carbonatite|natrocarbonatite]] volcano in the world.
==Discoveries in human evolution==
The Rift Valley has been a rich source of fossils that allow study of [[human evolution]], especially in an area known as Piedmont. Because the rapidly eroding highlands have filled the valley with sediments, a favourable environment for the preservation of remains has been created. The bones of several [[Hominidae|hominid]] ancestors of modern humans have been found there, including those of "[[Australopithecus afarensis|Lucy]]", a nearly complete [[australopithecine]] skeleton, which was discovered by anthropologist [[Donald Johanson]]. [[Richard Leakey|Richard]] and [[Mary Leakey]] have also done significant work in this region.
==See also==
*[[Graben]]
*[[Horst (geology)]]
*[[Rift valley]]
== External links ==
*[http://anthro.palomar.edu/hominid/images/map_of_great_rift_valley.gif Small simple-coloured map]
*[http://www.albertinerift.org/arift-protectedareas Maps from the Albertine Rift Programme]
[[Category:Great Rift Valley|*]]
[[Category:Seismic faults]]
[[an:Bal d'o Gran Rift]]
[[ca:Gran Vall del Rift]]
[[cs:Velká příkopová propadlina]]
[[de:Großer Afrikanischer Grabenbruch]]
[[es:Gran Valle del Rift]]
[[eo:Granda Rifto]]
[[fr:Vallée du grand rift]]
[[gl:Gran Val do Rift]]
[[ko:동아프리카 지구대]]
[[it:Rift Valley]]
[[he:השבר הסורי אפריקני]]
[[lv:Lielā Rifta ieleja]]
[[lt:Didysis riftinis slėnis]]
[[hu:Nagy Hasadékvölgy]]
[[nl:Grote Slenk]]
[[ja:大地溝帯]]
[[no:Riftdalen]]
[[pl:Wielkie Rowy Afrykańskie]]
[[pt:Vale do Rift]]
[[sk:Východoafrická priekopová prepadlina]]
[[fi:Itä-Afrikan hautavajoama]]
[[sv:Östafrikanska gravsänkesystemet]]
[[th:เกรตริฟต์แวลลีย์]]
[[zh:東非大裂谷]]
[[Category:भूगोल]]
| |||