संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका: Difference between revisions

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==म्हसीका==
'''संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका''' (वा '''संयुक्त राज्य''', '''युएस''', '''युएसए''', वा '''[[अमेरिका]]''') ५०गु राज्य व छगू [[संघीय जिल्ला]] दूगु छगू [[संघीयता|संघीय]] [[संवैधानिक गणतन्त्र]] ख। थ्व देय्या मू भूभाग उत्तर अमेरिकाय् ला धाःसा हवाइ राज्य प्रशान्त महासागरय् ला। थ्व देय्या मू भूभागया उत्तरय् क्यानाडा, दक्षिणय् मेक्सिको, पूर्वय् एट्लान्टिक महासागर व पश्चिमय् प्रशान्त महासागर ला। थ्व देय्या अलास्का राज्य धाःसा उत्तर अमेरिकाया उत्तरी लागाय् ला। अलास्काया पूर्वय् क्यानाडा, पश्चिमय् बेरिंग स्ट्रेट धुंका रुस ला। हवाइ राज्य धाःसा छगू आर्किपेगालो ख। थ्व राज्य मध्य प्रशान्तय् ला।
The '''United States of America''' (also referred to as the '''United States''', the '''U.S.''', the '''USA''', or '''[[Americas#Terminology|America]]''') is a [[federalism|federal]] [[constitutional republic]] comprising [[U.S. state|fifty states]] and a [[federal district]]. The country is situated mostly in central [[North America]], where its [[Contiguous United States|forty-eight contiguous states]] and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]], the [[capital districts and territories|capital district]], lie between the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] and [[Atlantic Ocean]]s, bordered by [[Canada]] to the north and [[Mexico]] to the south. The state of [[Alaska]] is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and [[Russia]] to the west across the [[Bering Strait]]. The state of [[Hawaii]] is an [[archipelago]] in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses [[Territories of the United States|several territories]] in the [[Caribbean]] and Pacific.
 
At 3.79७९ millionमिलियन squareवर्ग milesमाइल (9वा ९.83&nbsp;million८३ km<sup>2</sup>)वर्ग andकिमि withक्षेत्रफल overदूगु 310 million३१०मिलियन people,जनसंख्या theदूगु Unitedथ्व Statesदेय् isक्षेत्रफल the [[Listजनसंख्या ofनिगुलिं countriesकथं andहलिमया outlyingदक्ले territoriesतःधंगु byदेय्य् totalछ्गू area|thirdदेय् or fourth]] largest country by total area, and the third largest both by [[List of countries and outlying territories by land area|land area]] and [[List of countries by population|population]].जुवः। It is one of the world's most [[Multiethnic society|ethnically diverse]] and [[multiculturalism|multicultural]] nations, the product of large-scale [[immigration to the United States|immigration from many countries]].<ref name="DD">Adams, J. Q., and Pearlie Strother-Adams (2001). ''Dealing with Diversity''. Chicago: Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 0-7872-8145-X.</ref> The [[Economy of the United States|U.S.&nbsp;economy]] is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2010 [[gross domestic product|GDP]] of $14.780 trillion (23%&nbsp;of [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|nominal global GDP]] and 20% of global GDP at [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|purchasing power parity]]).<ref name="IMF GDP">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=111&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=64&pr.y=8|publisher=International Monetary Fund|title=World Economic Outlook Database|month=October|year=2009|accessdate=2010-04-27}}</ref><ref>The [[European Union]] has a larger collective economy, but is not a single nation.</ref>
 
[[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous peoples]] of [[Settlement of the Americas|Asian origin]] have inhabited what is now the mainland United States for many thousands of years. This [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American population]] was greatly reduced by disease and warfare after [[European colonization of the Americas|European contact]]. The United States was founded by [[Thirteen Colonies|thirteen British colonies]] located along the [[East Coast of the United States|Atlantic seaboard]]. On July&nbsp;4, 1776, they issued the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], which proclaimed their right to [[self-determination]] and their establishment of a cooperative union. The rebellious states defeated the [[British Empire]] in the [[American Revolutionary War|American Revolution]], the first successful [[History of colonialism|colonial war of independence]].<ref>Dull, Jonathan R. (2003). "Diplomacy of the Revolution, to 1783", p. 352, chap. in ''A Companion to the American Revolution'', ed. Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole. Maiden, Mass.: Blackwell, pp. 352–361. ISBN 1-4051-1674-9.</ref> The current [[United States Constitution]] was adopted on September&nbsp;17, 1787; its ratification, the following year, made the states part of a single federal republic with a strong [[central government|federal government]]. The [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]], comprising ten [[List of amendments to the United States Constitution|constitutional amendments]] guaranteeing many [[natural rights|fundamental civil rights and freedoms]], was ratified in 1791.
 
Through the 19th century, the United States displaced native tribes, acquired the [[Louisiana Purchase|Louisiana territory]] from France, [[Adams–Onís Treaty|Florida]] from Spain, part of the [[Oregon Country]] from the United Kingdom, [[Mexican Cession|Alta California and New Mexico]] from Mexico, [[Alaska Purchase|Alaska]] from Russia, and annexed the [[Republic of Texas]] and the [[Republic of Hawaii]]. Disputes between the [[Southern United States|agrarian South]] and [[Northern United States|industrial North]] over the expansion of the [[slavery in the United States|institution of slavery]] and [[states' rights]] provoked the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] of the 1860s. The North's victory prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the [[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|end of legal slavery]] in the United States. By the 1870s, its national economy was the world's largest.<ref>{{cite web|author=Maddison, Angus|url=http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/Historical_Statistics/horizontal-file_09-2008.xls|title=Historical Statistics for the World Economy|publisher=The Groningen Growth and Development Centre, Economics Department of the University of Groningen|year=2006|accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> The [[Spanish–American War]] and [[World War I|World War&nbsp;I]] confirmed the country's status as a military power. It emerged from [[World War II|World War&nbsp;II]] as the [[Nuclear weapons and the United States|first country with nuclear weapons]] and a permanent member of the [[United Nations Security Council]]. The end of the [[Cold War]] and the [[History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)|dissolution of the Soviet Union]] left the United States as the sole [[superpower]]. The country accounts for 43% of [[List of countries by military expenditures|global military spending]] and is a leading economic, political, and cultural force in the world.<ref>{{cite web|author=Cohen, Eliot A.|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower|title=History and the Hyperpower|work=Foreign Affairs|date=July/August 2004|accessdate=2006-07-14}} {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm|title=Country Profile: United States of America|publisher=BBC News|date=2008-04-22|accessdate=2008-05-18}}</ref>
 
==इतिहास==