संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका: Difference between revisions

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'''संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका''' (वा '''संयुक्त राज्य''', '''युएस''', '''युएसए''', वा '''[[अमेरिका]]''') ५०गु राज्य व छगू [[संघीय जिल्ला]] दूगु छगू [[संघीयता|संघीय]] [[संवैधानिक गणतन्त्र]] ख। थ्व देय्या मू भूभाग उत्तर अमेरिकाय् ला धाःसा हवाइ राज्य प्रशान्त महासागरय् ला। थ्व देय्या मू भूभागया उत्तरय् क्यानाडा, दक्षिणय् मेक्सिको, पूर्वय् एट्लान्टिक महासागर व पश्चिमय् प्रशान्त महासागर ला। थ्व देय्या अलास्का राज्य धाःसा उत्तर अमेरिकाया उत्तरी लागाय् ला। अलास्काया पूर्वय् क्यानाडा, पश्चिमय् बेरिंग स्ट्रेट धुंका रुस ला। हवाइ राज्य धाःसा छगू आर्किपेगालो ख। थ्व राज्य मध्य प्रशान्तय् ला।
 
३.७९ मिलियन वर्ग माइल वा ९.८३ वर्ग किमि क्षेत्रफल दूगु व ३१०मिलियन जनसंख्या दूगु थ्व देय् क्षेत्रफल व जनसंख्या निगुलिं कथं हलिमया दक्ले तःधंगु देय्य् छ्गू देय् जुवः। Itथ्व isराष्ट्रय् oneहलिमया ofयक्व theथासं world'sजुइगु mostइमिग्रेसनया [[Multiethnicकारणं society|ethnicallyथ्व diverse]]राष्ट्र andहलिमया [[multiculturalism|multicultural]]दक्ले nations,बहुजातीय the productबहु ofसांस्कृतिक large-scaleराष्ट्रय् [[immigrationछगूया toरुपय् theपलिस्था Unitedजूगु States|immigrationदु। from many countries]].<ref name="DD">Adams, J. Q., and Pearlie Strother-Adams (2001). ''Dealing with Diversity''. Chicago: Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 0-7872-8145-X.</ref> The [[Economy of the United States|U.S.&nbsp;economy]] is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2010 [[gross domestic product|GDP]] of $14.780 trillion (23%&nbsp;of [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|nominal global GDP]] and 20% of global GDP at [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|purchasing power parity]]).<ref name="IMF GDP">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=111&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=64&pr.y=8|publisher=International Monetary Fund|title=World Economic Outlook Database|month=October|year=2009|accessdate=2010-04-27}}</ref><ref>The [[European Union]] has a larger collective economy, but is not a single nation.</ref>
 
अमेरिकाया आदिवासी एसिया जुया आःया संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाय् द्वलंद्व दं न्ह्य थ्यन। थ्व आदिवासी जनसंख्या युरोपेली मनुतयेसं हःगु ल्वेया कारणं सिक्क म्हो जुवन। संयुक्त राष्ट्र अमेरिका देय्या रुपय् आःया अमेरिकाया पूर्वी तटीय लागाया १३गु उपनिवेषं पलिस्था जूगु ख। जुलाई १७७६इ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाया स्वतन्त्रताया घोषणां अमेरिकायात आत्मनिर्णयया अधिकार व सहकारी संघया अधिकार बिल। थ्व क्रान्तिकारी राज्यतयेसं [[बेलायती साम्राज्य]]यात अमेरिकी क्रान्तिकारी हताय् परास्त याना इतिहासय् दक्ले न्हापांगु सफल स्वतन्त्र उपनिवेषं दयावःगु राष्ट्र जुवन।<ref>Dull, Jonathan R. (2003). "Diplomacy of the Revolution, to 1783", p. 352, chap. in ''A Companion to the American Revolution'', ed. Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole. Maiden, Mass.: Blackwell, pp. 352–361. ISBN 1-4051-1674-9.</ref> वर्तमान संयुक्त राज्य संविधान सेप्तेम्बर १७, १७८७य् अवधारित जूगु ख। दच्छि धुंका थुकिया पालनां राज्यतयेत संघीय गणतन्त्रया अंग व छगू बल्लागु केन्द्रिय सरकारया पलिस्था यात। युनाइटेड स्टेट्स बिल अफ राइट्स व थुकिया १०गु अमेन्द्मेन्ट्सं यक्व नागरिक अधिकार सुनिष्चित यात। थ्व सन् १७९१य् र्याटिफाइड जुल।
[[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous peoples]] of [[Settlement of the Americas|Asian origin]] have inhabited what is now the mainland United States for many thousands of years. This [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American population]] was greatly reduced by disease and warfare after [[European colonization of the Americas|European contact]]. The United States was founded by [[Thirteen Colonies|thirteen British colonies]] located along the [[East Coast of the United States|Atlantic seaboard]]. On July&nbsp;4, 1776, they issued the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], which proclaimed their right to [[self-determination]] and their establishment of a cooperative union. The rebellious states defeated the [[British Empire]] in the [[American Revolutionary War|American Revolution]], the first successful [[History of colonialism|colonial war of independence]].<ref>Dull, Jonathan R. (2003). "Diplomacy of the Revolution, to 1783", p. 352, chap. in ''A Companion to the American Revolution'', ed. Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole. Maiden, Mass.: Blackwell, pp. 352–361. ISBN 1-4051-1674-9.</ref> The current [[United States Constitution]] was adopted on September&nbsp;17, 1787; its ratification, the following year, made the states part of a single federal republic with a strong [[central government|federal government]]. The [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]], comprising ten [[List of amendments to the United States Constitution|constitutional amendments]] guaranteeing many [[natural rights|fundamental civil rights and freedoms]], was ratified in 1791.
 
Through the 19th century, the United States displaced native tribes, acquired the [[Louisiana Purchase|Louisiana territory]] from France, [[Adams–Onís Treaty|Florida]] from Spain, part of the [[Oregon Country]] from the United Kingdom, [[Mexican Cession|Alta California and New Mexico]] from Mexico, [[Alaska Purchase|Alaska]] from Russia, and annexed the [[Republic of Texas]] and the [[Republic of Hawaii]]. Disputes between the [[Southern United States|agrarian South]] and [[Northern United States|industrial North]] over the expansion of the [[slavery in the United States|institution of slavery]] and [[states' rights]] provoked the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] of the 1860s. The North's victory prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the [[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|end of legal slavery]] in the United States. By the 1870s, its national economy was the world's largest.<ref>{{cite web|author=Maddison, Angus|url=http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/Historical_Statistics/horizontal-file_09-2008.xls|title=Historical Statistics for the World Economy|publisher=The Groningen Growth and Development Centre, Economics Department of the University of Groningen|year=2006|accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> The [[Spanish–American War]] and [[World War I|World War&nbsp;I]] confirmed the country's status as a military power. It emerged from [[World War II|World War&nbsp;II]] as the [[Nuclear weapons and the United States|first country with nuclear weapons]] and a permanent member of the [[United Nations Security Council]]. The end of the [[Cold War]] and the [[History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)|dissolution of the Soviet Union]] left the United States as the sole [[superpower]]. The country accounts for 43% of [[List of countries by military expenditures|global military spending]] and is a leading economic, political, and cultural force in the world.<ref>{{cite web|author=Cohen, Eliot A.|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower|title=History and the Hyperpower|work=Foreign Affairs|date=July/August 2004|accessdate=2006-07-14}} {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm|title=Country Profile: United States of America|publisher=BBC News|date=2008-04-22|accessdate=2008-05-18}}</ref>