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'''विनय पिटक''' [[बौद्ध धर्म]]या छगू ग्रन्थ ख। थ्व ग्रन्थ [[त्रिपिटक]]या स्वंगु भागया छगू भाग ख। थ्व ग्रन्थ भिक्षु, भिक्षुणी, अनागारिका आदितेगु संघनियम नाप स्वापू दूगु ग्रन्थ ख। संस्कृत, पालि व मेमेगु प्राचीन बौद्ध ग्रन्थया भाषा कथं विनयपिटकया अर्थ अनुशासनया टोकरी ख। .
==विभाजन==
== जीवित संस्करण ==
विनयपिटकया विभाजन थ्व कथं दु <ref>[http://www.tipitaka.org/deva/ तिपिटक फुति अर्ग]</ref> -
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| ||पाराजिकपाळि||||
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| ||||वेरञ्जकण्डं||
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| |||||| पाराजिककण्डं
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| |||||| सङ्घादिसेसकण्डं
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| |||||| अनियतकण्डं
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| |||||| निस्सग्गियकण्डं
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| ||पाचित्तियपाळि||||
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| |||| पाचित्तियकण्डं
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| |||| पाटिदेसनीयकण्डं
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| |||| सेखियकण्डं||
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| |||| अधिकरणसमथा
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| |||| पाराजिककण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| सङ्घादिसेसकण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| निस्सग्गियकण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| पाचित्तियकण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| पाटिदेसनीयकण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| सेखियकण्डं (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| |||| अधिकरणसमथा (भिक्खुनीविभङ्गो)
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| ||महावग्गपाळि||||
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| |||| महाखन्धको||
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| |||| उपोसथक्खन्धको
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| |||| वस्सूपनायिकक्खन्धको
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| |||| पवारणाक्खन्धको
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| |||| चम्मक्खन्धको
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| |||| भेसज्जक्खन्धको
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| |||| कथिनक्खन्धको
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| |||| चीवरक्खन्धको
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| |||| चम्पेय्यक्खन्धको
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| |||| कोसम्बकक्खन्धको
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| ||चूळवग्गपाळि||||
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| |||| कम्मक्खन्धकं
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| |||| पारिवासिकक्खन्धकं
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| |||| समुच्चयक्खन्धकं
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| |||| समथक्खन्धकं
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| |||| खुद्दकवत्थुक्खन्धकं
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| |||| सेनासनक्खन्धकं
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| |||| सङ्घभेदकक्खन्धकं
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| |||| वत्तक्खन्धकं||
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| |||| पातिमोक्खट्ठपनक्खन्धकं
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| |||| भिक्खुनिक्खन्धकं
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| |||| पञ्चसतिकक्खन्धकं
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| |||| सत्तसतिकक्खन्धकं
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| ||परिवारपाळि||||
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| ||||सोळसमहावारो
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| ||||समुट्ठानसीससङ्खेपो
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| ||||अन्तरपेय्यालं||
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| ||||खन्धकपुच्छावारो
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| ||||एकुत्तरिकनयो||
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| ||||उपोसथादिपुच्छाविस्सज्जना
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| ||||गाथासङ्गणिकं
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| ||||अधिकरणभेदो||
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| ||||अपरगाथासङ्गणिकं
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| ||||चोदनाकण्डं||
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| ||||चूळसङ्गामो||
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| ||||महासङ्गामो||
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| ||||कथिनभेदो||
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| ||||उपालिपञ्चकं||
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| ||||अत्थापत्तिसमुट्ठानं
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| ||||दुतियगाथासङ्गणिकं
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| ||||सेदमोचनगाथा||
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| ||||पञ्चवग्गो||
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==लिधंसा==
विनय पिटकया खुगु जीवित संस्करण दु। थुकिलि स्वंगु संस्करण आतक्क नं छ्येलातःगु दु।
{{लिधंसा|}}
==स्वयादिसँ==
* The Pali version of the [[Theravada]], included in the [[Pali Canon]], translated by [[I. B. Horner]] as ''The Book of the Discipline'', 1938-66, 6 volumes, [[Pali Text Society]], Bristol
* [[तिपिटक]]
** [[Suttavibhanga]] ({{IAST|-vibhaṅga}}): commentary on the [[Patimokkha]], with much of its text embedded
*** Mahavibhanga (mahā-) dealing with monks
*** Bhikkhunivibhanga (bhikkhunī-) dealing with nuns
** [[Khandhaka]]: 22 chapters on various topics
** [[Parivara]]: analyses the rules from various points of view
* 'Dul-ba, Tibetan translation of the Mulasarvastivada version; this is the version used in the Tibetan tradition
** Vinayavastu: 16 skandhakas (khandhakas) and the start of the 17th
** Pratimokshasutra of monks
** Vinayavibhanga of monks
** Pratimokshasutra of nuns
** Vinayavibhanga of nuns
** Vinayakshudrakavastu: rest of the 17th skandhaka and others
** Vinayottaragrantha: appendices, including Upaliparipriccha, which corresponds to a chapter of the Parivara
*पाराजिका पालि
*पाचित्तिय पालि
*महावग्ग
*चूलवग्ग
*परिवार पालि
*यमक
*पट्ठान
* Ssŭ-fen lü 四分律 (Taisho catalogue number 1428), Chinese translation of the Dharmaguptaka version; this is the version used in the Chinese tradition and its derivatives in Korea, Vietnam and the Ritsu school in Japan (most Buddhist clergy in Japan do not follow the Vinaya, but rather follow the Mahayana [Bodhisattva] Precepts, a result of the successful Tendai school campaign).
** Bhikshuvibhanga dealing with monks
** Bhikshunivibhanga dealing with nuns; translated by Ann Heirman as ''Rules for Nuns According to the Dharmaguptakavinaya'', Part II, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 2002
** Skandhaka
** Samyuktavarga
** Vinayaikottara, corresponding to a chapter of the Parivara
* Shih-sung lü (T1435), translation of Sarvastivada version
** Bhikshuvibhanga
** Skandhaka
** Bhikshunivibhanga
** Ekottaradharma, similar to Vinayaikottara
** Upaliparipriccha
** Ubhayatovinaya
** Samyukta
** Parajikadharma
** Sanghavasesha
** Kusaladhyaya
* Wu-fen lü (T1421), translation of Mahisasaka version
** Bhikshuvibhanga
** Bhikshunivibhanga
** Skandhaka
* Mo-ho-seng-ch'i lü 摩訶僧祇律 (T1425), translation of Mahasanghika version (the nuns' rules have been translated by the late Professor Hirakawa as ''Monastic Discipline for the Buddhist Nuns'', Patna, 1982)
** Bhikshuvibhanga
** Bhikshunivibhanga
** Skandhaka
In addition, portions of various versions survive in various languages.
== Origins ==
Each school traditionally claimed that its own version was compiled at the [[Buddhist Councils|First Council]] shortly after the Buddha's death, and recited by Upali, with little later addition. As the versions are different, scholars do not take this literally. However, as the different versions are fairly similar, most scholars consider most of the Vinaya to be fairly early, that is, dating from before the separation of schools.<ref>''New Penguin Handbook of Living Religions'', page 380</ref> However, Dr Gregory Schopen, Professor of Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies in the University of Texas at Austin, argues against this assumption on various grounds.<ref>''Bones, Stones, and Buddhist Monks'', University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu, 1997</ref> He suggests that similarities may be due to later standardization. He also points out that many inscriptions from early times on show that monks owned property, contrary to the Vinaya. He argues that there is no evidence that this represents a decline from an early period of observance, and suggests that the Vinaya may be an attempt by a self-appointed elite to impose their standards on everyone else.
== Contents ==
The [[Pali Canon|Pali]] version of the [[Patimokkha]], the code of conduct that applies to Buddhist monastics, contains 227 major rules for [[bhikkhu]]s and 311 major rules for [[bhikkhuni]]s. The Vibhanga section(s) of Vinaya Pitaka constitute(s) a commentary on these rules, giving detailed explanations of them along with the origin stories for each rule. The Khandhaka/Skandhaka sections give numerous supplementary rules grouped by subject, again with origin stories. The Buddha called his teaching the "Dhamma-Vinaya", emphasizing both the philosophical teachings of Buddhism as well as the training in virtue that embodies that philosophy.
In the collected Chinese editions of the Scriptures the Vinaya pitaka has a broader sense, including all four Chinese vinayas listed above, parts of others, non-canonical vinaya literature, lay vinaya and bodhisattva vinaya.
== Place in the tradition ==
According to the scriptures, in the first years of the Buddha's teaching the [[sangha]] lived together in harmony with no vinaya, as there was no need, because all of the [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]'s early [[sangha|disciples]] were highly realized if not fully enlightened. As the [[sangha]] expanded situations arose which the [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]] and the lay community felt were inappropriate for [[samana]]s. According to tradition, the first rule to be established was the prohibition against sexual acts. The origin story tells of an earnest monk whose family was distraught that there was no male heir and so persuaded the monk to impregnate his wife. According to tradition, all three, the monk, his wife and son who both later ordained, eventually became fully enlightened arahants.
The vinaya is very important to Buddhists -
<blockquote>
"Whatever Dhamma and Vinaya I have pointed out and formulated for you, that will be your Teacher when I am gone." (Mahaaparinibbaana Sutta, [D.16]).
</blockquote>
==See also==
* [[Abhidhamma Pitaka]]
* [[Buddhist texts]]
* [[Sutra Pitaka]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/vinaya/index.html The Vinaya Pitaka at Access to Insight]
* [http://editthis.info/wikivinaya WikiVinaya Project]
* [http://www.amaravati.org/fsn/html/14/liv-vin.htm Living Vinaya by Ajahn Sucitto]
*[http://sectsandsectarianism.googlepages.com/home Sects & Sectarianism - The origins of Buddhist Schools]
{{Buddhism topics}}
[[पुचः:बुद्ध धर्म]]
[[Category:Vinaya Pitaka| ]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]
[[Category:Pali words and phrases]]
[[Category:बौद्ध]]
[[bn:বিনয় পিটক]]
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