२०:५०, १० अक्टोबर २००६तक्कया संस्करण सम्पादन Eukesh (खँल्हाबल्हा \| योगदान) Administrators ३१,४५९ edits No edit summary		१७:२९, २६ डिसेम्बर २००६तक्कया संस्करण सम्पादन undo Eukesh (खँल्हाबल्हा \| योगदान) Administrators ३१,४५९ edits No edit summary मेगु पाःगु →
Line १: {{Infobox UN \| name = United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization \| image = Flag of UNESCO.svg \| caption = [[Flag of the United Nations#Derived flags\|UNESCO flag]] \| type = Specialized Agency \| acronyms = UNESCO \| head = ''Director General of UNESCO''<br /> : [[Koïchiro Matsuura]] : {{JPN}} \| status = Active \| established = 1945 \| website = [http://www.unesco.org/ www.unesco.org] \| parent = \| subsidiaries = \| commons = UNESCO \| footnotes = }} '''युनेस्को''' ('''United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization''') is a specialized agency of the [[United Nations]] established in 1945. Its stated purpose is to contribute to [[peace]] and [[security]] by promoting international [[collaboration]] through [[education]], [[science]], and [[culture]] in order to further universal [[respect]] for [[justice]], the [[rule of law]], and the [[human rights]] and fundamental [[Freedom (political)\|freedoms]] proclaimed in the [[United Nations Charter\|UN Charter]].[http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=15244&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html] In total, 191 nations belong to UNESCO. The organization is based in [[Paris]], with over 50 field offices and several institutes and offices throughout the world. Most of the field offices are "cluster" offices covering three or more countries; there are also national and regional offices. UNESCO pursues its action through five major programmes: education, natural sciences, social and human sciences, culture, and communication and information. Projects sponsored by UNESCO include [[literacy]], technical, and teacher-training programmes; international [[science]] programmes; the promotion of independent [[News media\|media]] and [[freedom of the press]]; regional and cultural [[history]] projects, the promotion of [[cultural diversity]]; international cooperation agreements to secure the world cultural and natural [[heritage]] and to preserve [[human rights]]; and attempts to bridge the world-wide [[digital divide]]. ==संरचना== Three bodies are responsible for policy-making, governance, and day-to-day administration at UNESCO: The General Conference The Executive Board The Secretariat The General Conference is a gathering of the organization's member states and associate members, at which each state has one vote. Meeting every two years, it sets general policies and defines programme lines for the organization. The Executive Board's 58 members are elected by the General Conference for staggered four-year terms. The Executive Board prepares the sessions of the General Conference and ensures that its instructions are carried out. It also discharges other specific mandates assigned to it by the General Conference. The Secretariat consists of the Director-General and his staff and is responsible for the day-to-day running of the organization. The Director-General, who serves as the public face of UNESCO, is elected for a (renewable) four-year term by the General Conference. The staff currently numbers some 2100, of whom some two-thirds are based in Paris, with the remaining third spread around the world in UNESCO's 58 field offices. The Secretariat is divided into various administrative offices and five programme sectors that reflect the organization's major areas of focus. ==ज्याखंतः== Designating projects and places of cultural and scientific significance, such as: [[Biosphere reserve]]s, through the [[Programme on Man and the Biosphere]] (MAB), since 1971 [[City of Literature]]; in [[2007]] the first city to be given this title will be [[Edinburgh]] [[Endangered language]]s and linguistic diversity projects [[Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity]] [[Memory of the World]] International Register, since 1997 [[Water Resource Management]], through the [[International Hydrological Programme]] (IHP), since 1965 *[[World Heritage Site]]s Encouraging the "free flow of ideas by word and image" by: Promoting [[freedom of expression]], [[press freedom]] and [[access to information]] Promoting universal access to [[ICT]]s *Promoting [[pluralism]] and [[cultural diversity]] in the media Promoting events, such as: [[International Decade for the Promotion of a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World]]: 2001–2010, proclaimed by the UN in 1998 [[World Press Freedom Day]], [[3 May]] each year, to promote [[freedom of expression]] and [[freedom of the press]] as a basic human right and as crucial components of any healthy, democratic and free society. Founding and funding projects, such as: [[UNESCO-CEPES]], the European Centre for Higher Education: established in 1972 in [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]], as a de-centralized office to promote international co-operation in higher education in Europe as well as [[Canada]], [[United States\|USA]] and [[Israel]]. ''[[Higher Education in Europe]]'' is its official journal. [[Free Software Directory]]: since 1998 UNESCO and the [[Free Software Foundation]] have jointly funded this project cataloguing [[free software]]. [[OANA]], the Organization of Asia-Pacific News Agencies [[International Council of Science]] [[UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador]]s ==सिरपा== युनेस्कोनं बीगु सिरपातः : [[Carlos J. Finlay Prize for Microbiology]] * [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize]] * [[Great Man-Made River International Prize for Water Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas]] * [[International José Martí Prize]] * [[International Simón Bolívar Prize]] * [[Javed Husain Prize for Young Scientist]] * [[Jikji prize\|Jikji Memory of the World Prize]] for individuals or institutions that have made significant contributions to the preservation and accessibility of documentary heritage. * [[Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science]] * [[L’Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science]] * [[Sergei Eisenstein Medal]]s for merit in cinematographic art. * [[Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation]] * [[UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize]] * [[UNESCO King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa Prize]] for the Use of ICT in Education * [[UNESCO Mozart Medal]] for contribution to world peace through music and the arts. * [[UNESCO Prize for Peace Education]] * [[UNESCO Science Prize]] * [[UNESCO/Institut Pasteur Medal]] ==डाइरेक्टर जेनेरल== # [[Julian Huxley]], {{UK}} (1946–1948) # [[Jaime Torres Bodet]], {{MEX}} (1948–1952) # [[John Wilkinson Taylor]], {{USA}} ([[acting (law)\|acting]] 1952–1953) # [[Luther Evans]], {{USA}} (1953–1958) # [[Vittorino Veronese]], {{ITA}} (1958–1961) # [[René Maheu]], {{FRA}} (1961–1974; [[acting (law)\|acting]] 1962) # [[Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow]], {{SEN}} (1974–1987) # [[Federico Mayor Zaragoza]], {{SPA}} (1987–1999) # [[Koïchiro Matsuura]], {{JPN}} (1999–present) ==General Conferences== * 1st General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1946]]) - chaired by Léon Blum (France) * 2nd General Conference ([[Mexico City]], [[1947]]) - chaired by Manuel Gual Vidal (Mexico) * 3rd General Conference ([[Beirut]], [[1948]]) - chaired by Hamid Bey Frangie (Lebanon) * 1st extraordinary session (Paris, 1948) * 4th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1949]]) - chaired by Ronald Walker (Australia) * 5th General Conference ([[Florence]], [[1950]]) - chaired by Count Stefano Jacini (Italy) * 6th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1951]]) - chaired by Howland Sargeant (United States of America) * 7th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1952]]) - chaired by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (India) * 2nd extraordinary session (Paris, 1953) * 8th General Conference ([[Montevideo]], [[1954]]) - chaired by Justino Zavala Muñiz (Uruguay) * 9th General Conference ([[New Delhi]], [[1956]]) - chaired by Maulana Abul Kalam Azak (India) * 10th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1958]]) - chaired by [[Jean Berthoin]] (France) * 11th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1960]]) - chaired by [[Akale-Work Abte-Wold]] (Ethiopia) * 12th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1962]]) - chaired by [[Paulo de Berrêdo Carneiro]] (Brazil) * 13th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1964]]) - chaired by [[Norair Sissakian]] (Soviet Union) * 14th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1966]]) - chaired by [[Bedrettin Tuncel]] (Turkey) * 15th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1968]]) - chaired by [[Willian Eteki-Mboumoua]] (Cameroon) * 16th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1970]]) - chaired by [[Atilio Dell'Oro Maini]] (Argentina) * 17th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1972]]) - chaired by [[Toru Haguiwara]] (Japan) * 3rd extraordinary session (Paris, 1973) * 18th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1974]]) - chaired by [[Magda Joboru]] (Hungary) * 19th General Conference ([[Nairobi]], [[1976]]) - chaired by [[Taaita Toweett]] (Kenya) * 20th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1978]]) - chaired by [[Napoléon LeBlanc]] (Canada) * 21st General Conference ([[Belgrade]], [[1980]]) - chaired by [[Ivo Margan]] ([[Yugoslavia]]) * 4th extraordinary session (Paris, 1982) * 22nd General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1983]]) - chaired by [[Saïd Tell]] ([[Jordan]]) * 23rd General Conference ([[Sofia]], [[1985]]) - chaired by [[Nikolaï Todorov]] (Bulgaria) * 24th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1987]]) - chaired by [[Guillermo Putzeys Alvarez]] ([[Guatemala]]) * 25th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1989]]) - chaired by [[Anwar Ibrahim]] ([[Malaysia]]) * 26th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1991]]) - chaired by [[Bethwell Allan Ogot]] ([[Kenya]]) * 27th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1993]]) - chaired by [[Ahmed Saleh Sayyad]] ([[Yemen]]) * 28th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1995]]) - chaired by [[Torben Krogh]] ([[Denmark]]) * 29th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1997]]) - chaired by [[Eduardo Portella]] ([[Brazil]]) * 30th General Conference ([[Paris]], [[1999]]) - chaired by [[Jaroslava Moserova]] ([[Czech Republic]]) ==External links== * [http://www.unesco.org/ Official UNESCO website] * [http://portal.unesco.org/unesco/ev.php?URL_ID=28766&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201&PHPSESSID=6378099d242ca2cfda263f9971174ea1 UNESCO's reforms at a glance] * [http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=3657&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html Director-Generals of UNESCO] * [http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=1231&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html UNESCO offices worldwide] * [http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=2309&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html UNESCO Culture] * [http://www.tooyoo.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/Redbook/index.html UNESCO Red Book on Endangered Languages (Main site)] * [http://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/europe_report.html UNESCO Red Book on Endangered Languages: Europe] * [http://whc.unesco.org/ World Heritage Convention] * [http://www.unescobkk.org/ Asia Pacific Heritage] * [http://www.unesco.org/webworld UNESCO - Communication & Information Programme] * [http://www.unesco.org/webworld/ifap/ UNESCO - Information for All Programme] * [http://www.unesco.org/webworld/wpfd/2006 World Press Freedom Day] * [http://www.unesco.org/science/intern_prizes.shtml UNESCO Science Prizes] * [http://www.uis.unesco.org UNESCO - Institute for Statistics] * [http://www.americansforunesco.org Americans for UNESCO] * [http://unescoeducation.blogspot.com UNESCO in the Spotlight: Education and Culture blog] * [http://unescoscience.blogspot.com UNESCO in the Spotlight: Science and Communications blog] * [http://www.iode.org/projectoffice UNESCO - IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend (Belgium)] * [http://education.nairobi-unesco.org UNESCO Nairobi Education Programme] * [http://www.cityofliterature.com City of Literature] * [http://www.unesco.org/water/ UNESCO Water, sustainable development and conservation of freshwater resources in the world] {{United Nations}} [[Category:समाज]]

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