रेम्ब्रान्ड्ट

रेम्ब्रान्ड्ट हार्मेन्स्जून भान रिन (डच भाषा: Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn) (जुलाई १५, सन् १६०६ – अक्टोबर ४, सन् १६६९) छम्ह डच चित्रकार व एचर ख। वय्‌कःयात आपालं युरोपियन इतिहासया दक्ले तःधंपिं चित्रकार व प्रिन्टमेकरय् छम्ह व नेदरल्याण्डया इतिहासया दक्ले महत्त्वपूर्ण कलाकारयअ रुपय् कायेगु या। वय्‌कःया कलाया युगयात डच सुवर्ण युग धायेगु या।

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn
बुगु नां	Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn
बुगु	(1606-07-15)जुलाई 15, सन् 1606 Leiden, नेदरल्याण्ड्स
मदुगु	अक्टोबर 4, 1669(1669-10-04) (आयु 63) एम्स्टरड्याम, नेदरल्याण्डस्
राष्ट्रियता	दच
ख्यः	Painting, Printmaking
आन्दोलन	दच स्वर्ण युग किपा
ज्या	Danaë, 1636 Jacob de Gheyn III, 1632 Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, 1632 Belshazzar's Feast, 1635 Night Watch, 1642

तरुणावस्थाय् पोर्ट्रेट किपामिया कथं सफल जुयादिम्ह वय्‌कलं जीवनया उत्तरार्धय् यक्व व्यक्तिगत दुःख व आर्थिक समस्या फयादिल। अथे जुसां वय्‌कःया किपा वय्‌कःया जीवनय् हे सिक्क नांजाल व वय्‌कःयात किपामिया रुपय् जीवनदच्छि हे हनिगु जुल। वय्‌कलं २० दँ तक्क सकल थें हे नांजापिं डच किपामितयेत किपा स्यनादिल। वय्‌कःया दक्ले सीर्जनशील सफलता वय्‌कःया प्रोट्रेट किपा, आत्म किपा व बाइबलया क्षणतेगु किपाय् खने दु। वय्‌कःया आत्मकिपातयेसं वय्‌कःया छगू अलग व आत्मीय आत्मकथा देकूगु दु गुकिलि किपामिं थःयात इमानदार कथं निरिक्षण याःगु दु।

किपा व प्रिन्टमेकिङ निगुलिं हे ख्यले वय्‌कलं प्राचीन आइकोनोग्राफीइ थःगु ज्ञान क्यनादिगु दु। थ्व ज्ञानयात वय्‌कलं थःगु आवश्यकता व अनुभव कथं बांलाकादिगु दु। बिब्लिकल क्षणया वय्‌कःया किपाय् वय्‌कलं सफू, क्लासिकल कम्पोजिसन व एम्स्टरड्यामय् वय्‌कलं खनादिगु यहुदी जनसंख्याया वर्णन खनेदु । वय्‌कःया मानवीय अवस्थाया बुझया निंतिं वय्‌कःयात "सभ्यताया दक्ले तधंपिं प्रोफेटय् छम्ह" (one of the great prophets of civilization) धका नं हनिगु या।

ग्यालरी

आत्म किपा

• 
  A young Rembrandt, c. 1628, when he was 22. Partly an exercise in chiaroscuro. Rijksmuseum
• 
  A more cheerful pose, also from ca. 1628, recently re-discovered.
• 
  Rembrandt in 1632, when he was enjoying great success as a fashionable portraitist in this style.
• 
  Role-playing in Self-portrait as an oriental Potentate with a Kris, etching, 1634.
• 
  Self-portrait leaning on a Sill, etching, 1639
• 
  1640, wearing a costume in the style of over a century earlier. National Gallery
• 
  Vienna c. 1655, oil on walnut, cut down in size.
• 
  Rembrandt - Self Portrait, 1659?, Edinburgh, detail.
• 
  Dated 1669, the year he died, though he looks much older in other portraits. National Gallery

मेगु किपा

• 
  Artist in his studio, 1629
• 
  The Philosopher in Meditation
• 
  Bust of an old man with helmet, 1630
• 
  Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, 1632
• 
  Portrait of Johannes Wtenbogaert, 1633 - a preacher, like many of the best portraits of the 1630s
• Abraham and Isaac, 1634
  Abraham and Isaac, 1634
• Descent from the Cross. 1634. 1634
  Descent from the Cross. 1634. 1634
• Artemis, 1634
  Artemis, 1634
• 
  Saskia as "Flora", 1635
• 
  Rembrandt and Saskia pose as "The Prodigal Son in the Tavern" - a portrait historié, 1635
• 
  The Blinding of Samson, 1636, which Rembrandt gave to Huyghens
• 
  Belshassar's Feast, 1636-8
• 
  The Archangel leaving Tobias, 1637
• 
  The Risen Christ Appearing to Mary Magdalen, 1638
• 
  the Mill, 1648
• 
  Bathing woman, modelled by Hendrickje, 1654
• 
  Bathsheba in her bath, also modelled by Hendrickje, 1654
• 
  Portrait of Jan Six, 1654. Six was a wealthy friend of Rembrandt.
• 
  Christ presented to the People, drypoint, 1655, State I of VII.
• 
  The Syndics of the Clothmakers' Guild, 1662
• 
  The Conspiracy of Claudius Civilis (cut-down), 1661-62
• 
  The Return of the Prodigal Son, c. 1669
• 
  Suzannah and the Elders, drawing, 1634
• 
  Christ and the woman taken in adultery, drawing
• 
  The Virgin and Child with a Cat, 1654. Original copper etching plate above, example of the print below.

लिधंसा

• Ackley, Clifford, et al, Rembrandt's Journey, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 2004. ISBN 0-87846-677-0
• Adams, Laurie Schneider (1999). Art Across Time. Volume II. McGraw-Hill College, New York, NY.
• Bull, Duncan, et al, Rembrandt-Caravaggio, Rijksmuseum, 2006.
• Clark, Kenneth, Civilisation, Harper & Row, 1969.
• Clark, Kenneth, An Introduction to Rembrandt, 1978, London, John Murray/Readers Union, 1978
• Clough, Shepard B. (1975). European History in a World Perspective. D.C. Heath and Company, Los Lexington, MA. ISBN 0-669-85555-3.
• Gombrich, E.H., The Story of Art, Phaidon, 1995. ISBN 0-7148-3355-X
• Hughes, Robert (2006), "The God of Realism", The New York Review of Books (Rea S. Hederman) 53 (6)
• The Complete Etchings of Rembrandt Reproduced in Original Size, Gary Schwartz (editor). New York: Dover, 1988. ISBN 0-486-28181-7
• Slive, Seymour, Dutch Painting, 1600-1800, Yale UP, 1995,ISBN 0-300-07451-4
• van de Wetering, Ernst, Rembrandt: The Painter at Work, Amsterdam University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-520-22668-2
• Rembrandt by himself (Christopher White - Editor, Quentin Buvelot - Editor) National Gallery Co Ltd [1999]
• Christopher White, The Late Etchings of Rembrandt, 1969, British Museum/Lund Humphries, London

Further reading

• Catalogue raisonné: Stichting Foundation Rembrandt Research Project:
  • A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings - Volume I, which deals with works from Rembrandt’s early years in Leiden (1629-1631), 1982
  • A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings - Volume II: 1631-1634. Bruyn, J., Haak, B. (et al.), Band 2, 1986, ISBN 978-90-247-3339-2
  • A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings - Volume III, 1635-1642. Bruyn, J., Haak, B., Levie, S.H., van Thiel, P.J.J., van de Wetering, E. (Ed. Hrsg.), Band 3, 1990, ISBN 978-90-247-3781-9
  • A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings - Volume IV. Ernst van de Wetering, Karin Groen et al. Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands (NL). ISBN 1-4020-3280-3. p. 692. (Self-Portraits)
• Rembrandt. Images and metaphors, Christian Tumpel (editor), Haus Books London 2006 ISBN 13: 978-1-904950-92-9
• Graaff, Arthur E.A.J. and Michiel V. Roscam Abbing (2006). Rembrandt for Dummies. Addison Wesley. ISBN 90-430-1280.
• Van De Wetering, Ernst (2004) (2nd paperback printing). The Painter At Work. University of California Press,Berkley and Los Angeles. University of California Press, London, England. By arrangement with Amsterdam University Press. ISBN O-520-22668-2.

External links

• Paintings by Rembrandt
• A biography of the artist Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn from the J. Paul Getty Museum
• Rembrandt's Late Religious Portraits at the National Gallery of Art, Washington
• Etchings by Rembrandt at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
• Rembrandt van Rijn in the "History of Art"
• Rembrandt's house in Amsterdam English version; site has good images of many of his etchings]
• Web Catalogue of Rembrandt's Paintings Over 600 paintings, including former and disputed attributions, divided into categories.
• Boston MFA Good images of almost all of Rembrandt's etchings. c400 images.
• Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam
• Rembrandt Research Project
• Webmuseum Paris: Lots of high-resolution scans of his paintings
• Encyclopedia Britannica article
• Rembrandt van Rijn - Life and Art
• Provenance Helpline A play by Jim Grover on art ownership, seen through the eyes of a Rembrandt double portrait.
• Biblical art by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn A Themed collection
• The Rembrandt Signature Files. Information about Rembrandt's name and signatures.
• Literature

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