युरोपियम: Difference between revisions

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== गुण ==
युरोपियम [[रेर अर्थ तत्त्व]]य् दक्ले रियाक्टिभ तत्त्व ख। थ्व तत्त्व वातावरणय् छकलं अक्सिडाइज जुइ व थुकिया लनापया रियाक्सन क्याल्सियमया थें न्यागु जुइ। थ्व धातुया ठोस रुपयात मिनरल चिकंनं भुनातःसां थुकिलि शाइन दैमखु। युरोपियम वायुइ १५०-१८०डि॰से॰य् च्याइ। थ्व तत्त्व लिड ति हे कडा जु व सिक्क [[डक्टाइल]] नं जु। युरोपियम छगू धातु ख व थ्व ८०जिपास्कलय् १.८ केल्भिनय् सुपरकन्डक्टर जुइ। <ref>{{cite journal| author = M. Debessai et al. | title = Pressure-Induced Superconducting State of Europium Metal at Low Temperatures| journal = Phys. Rev. lett.| doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.197002| volume =102| page =197002| year = 2009}}</ref>
 
== Occurrence ==
Europium is never found in nature as a free element; however, there are many minerals containing europium, with the most important sources being [[bastnäsite]] and [[monazite]]. Europium has also been identified in the spectra of the sun and certain stars. Depletion or enrichment of europium in minerals relative to other rare earth elements is known as the [[europium anomaly]].
 
Divalent europium in small amounts happens to be the activator of the bright blue fluorescence of some samples of the mineral fluorite (calcium difluoride). The most outstanding examples of this originated around [[Weardale]], and adjacent parts of northern England, and indeed it was this fluorite that gave its name to the phenomenon of fluorescence, although it was not until much later that europium was discovered or determined to be the cause.
 
== Compounds ==